Wi-fi (Wireless Fidelity)

Wi-fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a well-known technology that utilizes electronic equipment to exchange data wirelessly (using radio waves) through a computer network, including high-speed Internet connection. Wi-Fi Alliance Wi-Fi defines as "the product of wireless local area networks (WLAN) based on any standard Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11". Even so, since most WLANs today are based on these standards, the term "Wi-Fi" is used in common English as a synonym for "WLAN".

A tool that can use Wi-Fi (such as a personal computer, video game console, smart phone, tablet, or digital audio player) can be connected to a network resource such as the Internet via a wireless network access point. Access point (or hotspot) as it has a range of around 20 meters (65 feet) indoors and broader outdoors. Hotspot coverage can cover an area of ​​a room with walls that block radio waves or a few square miles - This can be done by using multiple access points overlap.

"Wi-Fi" is a trademark of Wi-Fi Alliance and the brand name for products using the IEEE 802.11 family of standards. Only products that complete the Wi-Fi interoperability certification testing Wi-Fi Alliance that may use the name and trademark "Wi-Fi CERTIFIED".

Wi-Fi has a history of security changes. First encryption systems, WEP, proved easily penetrated. Higher quality protocols, WPA and WPA2, then added. However, an optional feature that was added in 2007 called Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS), has loopholes that allow attackers to get WPA or WPA2 password router remotely within a few hours. A number of companies advised to turn off the WPS feature. Wi-Fi Alliance since the update test plans and certification program to ensure all new equipment certified AP PIN immune from harsh attacks.

Wi-fi History

802.11 technology history began at the U.S. Federal Communications Commission's decision in 1985 to release a GSM bands for unlicensed use. In 1991, NCR Corporation with AT & T find predecessors 802.11 intended for cashier systems. The first wireless products under the name WaveLAN.

Vic Hayes dubbed the "Father of Wi-Fi". He was involved in the design of the first IEEE standard.

A large number of patents by many companies using the 802.11 standard. In 1992 and 1996, CSIRO Australia organization obtained a patent for a method that would be used in the Wi-Fi signal to remove interference. In April 2009, 14 technology companies agreed to pay $ 250 million to CSIRO for violating their patents. This push Wi-Fi is touted as Australia's findings, although it has been a topic of some controversy. CSIRO won a lawsuit worth $ 220 million for patent infringement in 2012 Wi-Fi is asking global firms in the United States pay for the privilege to CSIRO's license valued at $ 1 billion.

In 1999, the Wi-Fi Alliance was formed as a trade association to hold the Wi-Fi trademark is used by many products.

Name

The term Wi-Fi, first used commercially in August 1999, coined by a brand consulting firm called Interbrand Corporation. Wi-Fi Alliance hired Interbrand to specify the name of the "easier said than 'IEEE 802.11b Direct Sequence'". Belanger also stated that Interbrand creates a Wi-Fi as a play on the Hi-Fi (high fidelity), they also designed the Wi-Fi logo.

Wi-Fi Alliance initially used the advertising slogan for Wi-Fi, "The Standard for Wireless Fidelity", but later removed from their marketing. Even so, a number of documents from the Alliance in 2003 and 2004 still use the term Wireless Fidelity. There has been no official statement regarding the removal of this term.

Logo yin-yang Wi-Fi interoperability certification indicates a product.

Technology non-Wi-Fi is required to keep the points such as Motorola Canopy are usually called fixed wireless. Alternative wireless technologies include mobile phone standards such as 2G, 3G, or 4G.

Wi-Fi Certification

IEEE does not test equipment to meet their standards. Nonprofit Wi-Fi Alliance was founded in 1999 to fill this gap - to establish and encourage standards of interoperability and backward compatibility, and to promote wireless local area network technology. In 2010, the Wi-Fi Alliance consisted of more than 375 companies around the world. Wi-Fi Alliance encourages the use of Wi-Fi brand to technologies based on the IEEE 802.11 standards from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. This includes wireless local area network connection (WLAN) connectivity tool-to-tool (such as Wi-Fi Peer to Peer or Wi-Fi Direct), personal area network (PAN), local area network (LAN), and even the number of connections wide area network (WAN) is limited. Manufacturing companies with membership Wi-Fi Alliance, whose products successfully passed the certification process, the right to mark those products with the Wi-Fi logo.

Specifically, the certification process requires compliance with IEEE 802.11 radio standards, the WPA and WPA2 security standdar, and the EAP authentication standard. Includes optional certification testing IEEE 802.11 draft standards, interaction with cellular phone technology in converged devices, and security features, multimedia, and power savings.

Not all Wi-Fi equipment is sent to get the certification. The lack of Wi-Fi certification does not mean that a device is not compatible with other Wi-Fi devices. If the appliance is eligible or semi-compatible, Wi-Fi Alliance does not need to comment on their mention as a Wi-Fi device, though technically only certified devices are approved. Terms such as Super Wi-Fi, which was initiated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to describe the U.S. plan UHF TV band network in the United States, may be approved or not.